Most ATP generation occurs during the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation stage of cellular respiration. Aerobic respiration, or cell respiration in the presence of oxygen, uses the end product of glycolysis (pyruvate) in the TCA cycle to produce much more energy. The protein ATP synthase uses the energy produced by the electron transport chain for the phosphorylation (adding a phosphate group to a molecule) of ADP to ATP. ATP is ultimately produced by oxidative phosphorylation-the process by which enzymes in the cell oxidize nutrients. In the process, a chemical and electrical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane as hydrogen ions are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix and into the inner membrane space. cellular respiration fermentation adenosine triphosphate aldolase Pasteur effect. Glycolysis converts glucose, a six-carbon molecule, into. Glycolysis, sequence of 10 chemical reactions taking place in most cells that breaks down glucose, releasing energy that is then captured and stored in ATP. You can see that once it is completely broken down, the carbon molecules of glucose are. The first stage of aerobic respiration is glycolysis, which takes place in the cytoplasm. Through a series of reactions, the "high energy" electrons generated in the citric acid cycle are passed to oxygen. The equation for aerobic respiration shows glucose being combined with oxygen and ADP to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP: C6H12O6 (glucose)+ 6O2 + 36 ADP (depleted ATP) + 36 Pi (phosphate groups) 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP. The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and electron carrier molecules found within the mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. occurs before plants are able to carry out photosynthesis. This process does not require oxygen (it is anaerobic). is performed by autotrophs and heterotrophs. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules. Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation is the third and final step in aerobic cellular respiration. is performed only by organisms that are incapable of photosynthesis.
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